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漫谈“龙”和dragon

[12-26 23:48:19]   来源:http://www.suxue6.com  教研资讯   阅读:8251

概要:to sow dragon's teeth(“种龙牙”)这个来自希腊神话的典故,已成为英语成语。9. The phrase “to sow dragon's teeth” is used as a metaphor to refer to doing something that has the effect of fermenting disputes. 词组to sow dragon's teeth 用作隐喻,指做具有挑起争端后果的事情。10. Wherever he went, he sowed dragon's teeth by preaching racial segregation. 他无论去到哪里,都借助鼓吹种族隔离,挑起争端。德国诗人海涅有过“撒播龙种,收获跳蚤”的诗句,马克思也曾引述过海涅的说法。这种描述表明“付出极大努力,却获得令人失望的结果”,例如:11. I have sown dragon seeds and have reaped/ harvested fleas. 我播撒的是龙种,收获的却是跳蚤。然而,龙...
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to sow dragon's teeth(“种龙牙”)这个来自希腊神话的典故,已成为英语成语。

9. The phrase “to sow dragon's teeth” is used as a metaphor to refer to doing something that has the effect of fermenting disputes. 词组to sow dragon's teeth 用作隐喻,指做具有挑起争端后果的事情。

10. Wherever he went, he sowed dragon's teeth by preaching racial segregation. 他无论去到哪里,都借助鼓吹种族隔离,挑起争端。

德国诗人海涅有过“撒播龙种,收获跳蚤”的诗句,马克思也曾引述过海涅的说法。这种描述表明“付出极大努力,却获得令人失望的结果”,例如:

11. I have sown dragon seeds and have reaped/ harvested fleas. 我播撒的是龙种,收获的却是跳蚤。

然而,龙在中国文化中却占有极其重要的地位,具有丰富的文化内涵。

12. 在中国,龙被看作是文化图腾和民族形象。龙的形成记录了中华民族的发展与聚合过程。中国人常常以龙的传人而自豪。中华大地到处可以看见“龙”的标识,从划龙舟、舞龙灯、龙的绘画、龙的雕刻到龙的旗帜等。 In China, the dragon is considered as a cultural totem and a national image. The formation of the dragon recorded the process of the development and integration of the Chinese nation. The Chinese are often proud of being the descendants of the dragon. Throughout China can be seen the logo of the dragon, ranging from a dragon boat race, a dragon lantern dance, paintings of dragons, sculptures of dragons, to flags and banners of dragons.

中国龙象征皇权、吉祥和威势,西方人早已向西方介绍。一百多年前,加拿大传教士Donald MacGillivray(季理斐)在其编纂的汉英词典 A Mandarin-Romanized Dictionary of Chinese with Supplement of New Terms and Phrases, now current (《英华成语合璧字集》)中就收录了许多关于“龙”的词条,例如:龙(the dragon, imperial)、龙爪(dragon’s claw, the emperor’s hands)、龙睛虎目(fierce looking)、龙床(the imperial bed)、龙凤呈祥(very auspicious)、龙行虎步(majestic movements)、龙衣(imperial robes)、龙鳞(the dragon’s scales)、龙门(gate of examination hall)、龙脉(the dragon’s pulse)、龙女(a wonderful daughter)、龙袍(imperial robe)、龙蛇混杂(dragons and snakes mixing promiscuously)、龙生龙(like produces like)、龙头拐杖(a staff with dragon’s head)、龙子龙孙(wonderful children)、龙王(dragon king, god of rain)、龙位(the imperial throne)、龙涎(the dragon’s spittle)、龙颜大悦(the imperial face showed much joy)等。

1922年,出生在新西兰的英国人E.T.C. Werner(倭纳)出版了Myths & Legends of China(《中国的神话与传说》),记载了许多关于龙的故事。

文身或刺青,本是一种古老的文化习俗。宋朝梁山好汉史进的绰号是“九纹龙”,可见以龙为图案文身在我国有久远历史。近年来,一些欧美人突破禁忌,接受文身。dragon tattoo(龙文身)作为一种形象或图案,在影响着人们的生活。此外,西方国家出现了许多以dragon为题材的影视作品、奇幻小说、动漫和网络游戏,尤其受到青年人的青睐。随之出现了一批与dragon相关的词汇,例如:dragon breeder(繁殖龙的人), to breed a dragon(繁殖龙),dragon keeper(养龙人),to raise and keep a dragon(蓄养龙), to train/ tame a dragon(驯龙), dragon trainer/ tamer(驯龙师), to kill/ slay/ slaughter a dragon(屠龙), dragon slaughterer(屠龙者)。

其实,中国人是最早的玩龙行家。《庄子》记载了一位屠龙者的故事。

13. 朱泙漫学屠龙于支离益,单千金之家。三年技成,而无所用其巧。(《庄子·列御寇》) Zhu Pingman learned how to slaughter a dragon from Zhi Liyi, exhausting all his property. After three years of apprenticeship, he mastered the art of dragon-slaughtering but found it of no use. (From Lieyukou, Zhuangzi)

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